Analysis of Shirley Jacksons The Lottery - 490 Words

In Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery,† the theme of the story is dramatically illustrated by Jackson’s unique tone. Once a year the villagers gather together in the central square for the lottery. The villagers await the arrival of Mr. Summers and the black box. Within the black box are folded slips of paper, one piece having a black dot on it. All the villagers then draw a piece of paper out of the box. Whoever gets the paper with the black dot wins. Tessie Hutchinson wins the lottery! Everyone then closes in on her and stones her to death. Tessie Hutchinson believes it is not fair because she was picked. The villagers do not know why the lottery continues to exist. All they know is that it is a tradition they are not willing to abandon. In†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"†It isn’t fair, it isn’t right,†Ã¢â‚¬Å" (969). This suggests that Tessie Hutchinson has become rebellious toward the tradition she grew up with. â€Å"it isnâ €™t right,† suggests that Hutchinson believes the lottery is wrong. She also believes her odds of getting the piece of paper with the black dot on it were against her and she did not have a fair chance. â€Å"It isn’t fair,† Violence is also a very important theme in Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery.† â€Å"†It isn’t fair,† she said. A stone hit her on the side of the head.† (969). Jackson is showing her audience that the stoning has begun. â€Å"†It isn’t fair... a stone hit her† suggests that Tessie Hutchinson believes that the lottery is not fair. It also suggests that the villagers show no mercy for her and continue on with the stoning until she was killed. Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery,† demonstrates how violent some traditions may be. In many cultures today, traditions still exist like the lottery. People throughout the world dedicate their entire lives to their traditional heritage. Although some people may disagree with many culture’s traditions, almost everyone has their own traditions that they take part in throughout their lives. â€Å"The Lottery† is a prime example of how violent and inhuman some traditions may be. This story demonstrates how committed and faithful many people are to their traditionalShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Shirley Jacksons The Lottery841 Words   |  4 PagesSecond World War. In the short story â€Å"The Lottery†, Shirley Jackson used persecution and tradition to demonstrate how scapegoating justified unfair killing. Both of these aspects relate to the World War that preceded only a couple years before the story was written. The persecution was blind and done once a y ear as a tradition that everyone expected to happen. Therefore, the story’s main idea was to let the reader imagine what the real meaning of the lottery was. At first, Jackson described the townRead MoreAnalysis Of Shirley Jacksons The Lottery1303 Words   |  6 Pagespowerful force (qtd. in AZQuotes). In Shirley Jacksons chilling story The Lottery, a town celebrates a special custom of stoning people to death every year. Jackson perfectly depicts a possible event that may occur from blindly following tradition without evaluating the purpose or usefulness of it in the first place. Jackson’s use of plot, theme, and symbolism reveal the evil reality of blind faith, tradition, and their consequences. Initially, Jackson’s twisted plot reveals the infinite, viciousRead MoreAnalysis Of Shirley Jacksons The Lottery954 Words   |  4 Pagesthe authors message. Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† displays a masterful usage of literary elements to better convey Jackson’s general purpose, such as through the deep symbolism and underlying theme; however, Jackson’s true provocation of emotion is accomplished through her quintessential use of point of view. The objective point of view is indispensable within â€Å"The Lottery† because of the creation of suspense, drama, and irony. To begin with, the first reason why Jackson’s objective point of viewRead MoreAnalysis of Shirley Jacksons The Lottery Essay776 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† is a short story by Shirley Jackson, first published on June 26, 1948. The story was initially met with negative critical reception due to its violent nature and portrayal of the potentially dangerous nature of human society. It was even banned in some countries. However, â€Å"The Lottery† is now widely accepted as a classic American short story and is used in classrooms throughout the country. Jackson’s story takes a critical look at what can result when the customs and laws that governRead MoreAnalysis of Shirley Jacksons The Lottery Essays4601 Words   |  19 Pages Shirley Jackson’s famous short story, â€Å"The Lottery,† was published in 1948 and remains to this day one of the most enduring and affecting American works in the literary canon. â€Å"The Lottery† tells the story of a farming community that holds a ritualistic lottery among its citizens each year. Although the text initially presents audiences with a close-knit community participating in a social event together on a special day, the shocking twist at the work’s end—with the death of the lottery’s â€Å"winner†Read MoreAnalysis of John Steinbecks Chrysanthemums and Shirley Jacksons The Lottery1500 Words   |  6 PagesExamining The ChrysanthemumS The Lottery Examining The Chrysanthemums The Lottery In the WWII period, women entered the workforce is massive numbers a statistical anomaly that had never existed in American society or hardly any other modern society, ever. They became empowered and more women realized a wider range of their capabilities. A few decades after WWII, the feminist movement would rise to change the course of womens history again. The success and fervor of the feminist movementRead MoreAn Analysis of Shirley Jacksons The Lottery and Flannery OConnors A Good Man Is Hard to Find1360 Words   |  5 PagesShirley Jackson The Lottery Shirley Jacksons short story The Lottery depicts life in a provincial American town with rigid social norms. Mr. Summers symbolizes everything that is wrong with the town; he represents blind adherence to ritual, social rigidity, and resistance to change. His name corresponds with the seasonal setting of The Lottery, too, drawing attention to the importance of his character in shaping the theme of the story. Summers is in charge of the central motif of the storyRead More Shirley Jacksons The Lottery 946 Words   |  4 PagesShirley Jackson is said to be one of the most â€Å"brilliant and influential authors of the twentieth century.† â€Å"Her fiction writing is some of the most important to come out of the American literary canon.† (http://shirleyjackson.org/Reviews.html) Jackson wrote many short stories and even some books. They are more on the dark, witchlike side, however. Kelleher explains that Jackson stated in some interviews that she practiced magic. No one re ally knows if she was serious while practicing witchcraftRead MoreUse of Symbolism in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson1146 Words   |  5 Pagesbulb represents ideas that just sparked into a character’s head. In the short story, â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson, a village has just entered the month of June, meaning that the lottery is to begin. When everyone was present, the heads of the households’ names were called one by one to pick up a slip of paper. It was then discovered that the Hutchinson family was the chosen family to participate in the lottery again. When Mr. Hutchinson, Mrs. Hutchinson, Bill Jr., Nancy, and Little Dave each gotRead MoreSymbolism in The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson Essay example1173 Words   |  5 PagesWhen most people play the lottery today, they think about having wealth. Generally, people who win are happy about it whether they win one dollar or a million. The lottery in our society has grown to support education and it is often worth several million dollars. Usually, the winner of the lottery gains a lot of recognition for the money they win. But what would happen if there was a small town where people held a yearly lottery in which the â€Å"winner† was the member of the town who was not sacrificed

A Time Someone Acted with Courage or Cowardice Free Essays

There have been numerous times when time has chosen to test society, and man has been put to the task of deciding to stand and fight, or to escape for the sake of his life. Across the pages of history, we can find examples of people who have opted to stand and fight, as well as of those who have decided to run for their lives. Those who choose to stand and fight become immortal in the memories of people. We will write a custom essay sample on A Time Someone Acted with Courage or Cowardice or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the eleventh of September 2001, America was tested and the citizens were put in the most hardest of times. It was a time that called for the bravery that lies in hearts that are truly brave. Several people panicked and chose to jump to their deaths rather than burn in the buildings. Yet, there were people who chose to walk into death’s arms for the sake of their duty to their nation and to their fellow men. There were a few people who chose to run into the smoking and burning buildings as fires blazed simply so that they could free people as many people as they could from the clutches of death. One such brave man was Port Authority Police Officer John Mc Loughlin who chose to risk his life so that he could save the lives of as many people as he could. He was one of the few who chose to attempt to climb higher and higher up the building while the panic stricken people chose to take any escape route they could to save their lives. He risked his life so that he could save other people’s lives. Police Officer John Mc Loughlin was busy patrolling the Port Authority bus terminal when he saw the plane that hit the north tower pass over him. He was amongst the first few who reacted to the news and commandeered a team of Police Officers into the burning tower. Once inside, Police Officer John Mc Loughlin and his team were confronted with times they had never thought they would have to go through. He led a team of fellow officers Jimeno, Dominick Pezzulo, and Antonio Rodrigues. Out of whom only Jimeno and McLoughlin managed to survive. His was one of the first teams to have entered into the tower in an attempt to save the lives of as many people as they could by helping them evacuate. By walking into that burning and collapsing tower, Police Officer John Mc Loughlin walked into the face of death and came out alive to tell the tale. Police Officer John Mc Loughlin was regarded as one of the men who showed the most bravery at the time when the American people were in a state of shock and the world stood stunned. One cannot help but feel that the first few who chose to fight back at the moment when the attacks took place were those who ran into the towers after the attack had taken place. The towers were crumbling down and people were choosing to jump off the roof tops and out the windows, yet there were men who were brave enough to risk their lives and chose to walk towards an epicenter of distress and pain from where the rest of the world was wanting to run away from. These men and women were America’s first move against terrorism’s attack on humanity, and one of these brave men was Police Officer John Mc Loughlin. Numerous tributes have been given to Police Officer John Mc Loughlin, one of the most prominent off which is the elaboration of his role through his character in the 2006 movie World Trade Center, played by Nicholas Cage (Stone, 2006). Works Cited Stone, O. (Director). (2006). World Trade Center [Motion Picture]. Â   How to cite A Time Someone Acted with Courage or Cowardice, Essays

Hank Kolb, Director of Quality Assurance Essay Example For Students

Hank Kolb, Director of Quality Assurance Essay Facts of the Case: †¢ Hank Kolb, Director of Quality Assurance is attending a seminar that is given to quality managers of manufacturing plants by the corporate training department. †¢ Hank Kolb is now looking forward to digging into the quality problems at this industrial product that plant employing 1,200 people. †¢ The company lacks quality that needs more improvement to continue their operations. †¢ Hank Kolb found problems regarding from personnel, plant maintenance, purchasing, product design and packaging, manufacturing manager, and from marketing. Hank Kolb must find a way to stop the company’s quality problem and somehow improve it. I. Viewpoint †¢ Hank Kolb, Director of Quality Assurance must look into the company’s quality problem and seek his knowledge to improve it. II. Statement of the Problem †¢ What can Hank Kolb do to setting up a continuous improvement program and improve their quality performance on producing a zero-defec ted product? III. Objectives †¢ Hank Kolb must find a way to stop the problem and continue on their operations. †¢ Setting up of continuous improvement of their business processes. IV. Areas of Consideration (SWOT Analysis) Strength Weaknesses The fundamental problem is management in general and senior management lacking the policies and visible support of a quality matters in particular. There are still many other problems affiliated with quality control. The lack of management assurance of quality was evident once a chain of actions was being done wrong. Such actions are putting schedule and market share above quality and safety, poor attitude about quality on behalf of the entire organization. – They viewed quality as a secondary added value which was seen as an obstacle in doing their job. Their problems are lack of purchasing, design, and testing processes, inspections that are after the fact without in-process controls or feed back loops. It also leads to a lack of product tractability, quality maintenance records of the equipment so improvement or stabilization data is not available. Thus all decision was made with no data in mind. Opportunity Seminars that higher ranked employees ca n get information about what to do in times of business processes problems. Threat Manufacturing Company’s that has already implemented Six-Sigma concept and continuous improvement program. New technology including new machines and equipments that other manufacturing company had. V. Alternative Courses of Action 1. Implementation of the Six-Sigma concept to have zero-defect products. 2. Hiring of new people that has experience on handling of filling equipments in manufacturing, as well as people in maintenance, purchasing department, product design and packaging, and people from marketing. 3. Setting up a continuous improvement program onto their business processes. VI. Recommendation We, strongly recommend alternative course of action no. because with the help of continuous improvement program, Hank Kolb can now easily make a step to improve their manufacturing processes. VII. Conclusion I, therefore conclude that Hank Kolb must setup a successful continuous improvement pro gram. Hank will have first to study very carefully the fundamental problems that caused the lack of quality from the first place. Once this is accomplished he will need to make sure that the senior management be involved in order to provide a clear support for a quality philosophy that will change the attitudes across the company. To follow up on the change of attitude in the entire company, Mr. Kolb will then need to start an awareness campaign in which it will provide the workers a clear understanding regarding the cost of poor quality and the value of good quality processes as part of this management support. Mr. Kolb should make a sure that perfect quality is the solution and hence making the quality assurance printed in the mind of every employees and even the manger itself.

Lewinsky Vs. Clinton Essays - Lewinsky Scandal, United States

Lewinsky Vs. Clinton Perhaps the biggest presidential scandal since the Nixon administration came to light in January 1998. This is when the now infamous Monica Lewinsky first appeared on our television sets. The American population did not know Ms. Lewinsky until the scandal broke. After the media was informed of the activities between President Clinton and Monica Lewinsky the little known woman was instantaneously the topic of conversation all over the world. The intention of this paper is not to figure out who was right or wrong in the scandal, the reasoning behind it is to show how the mass media shapes and implements our own ideas and opinions about people. Every opinion we have is somehow related to who and what we see around us. The way that these things are portrayed on television or in magazines influences our overall attitude towards them. In many situations we have only the media to rely on when learning about certain events. Sometimes you can check more than one source to get a different opin ion, but more times than not the overall image generated by all media platforms of a person or event is very similar. In this sense it is very hard sometimes to get a fair perspective of the occurrences. The views that the American public has towards Bill Clinton and Monica Lewinsky have been directly affected by how the mass media portrayed each individual. Susan Douglas' book Where The Girls Are is a reflection of just how controlling the mass media is over the opinions and ideas of the people that it reaches. Douglas talks about the ways in which the mass media forms an individual's character. She focuses on the effects that the media has on women as they grow-up in America. If this is true then perhaps Monica Lewinsky was shaped in such a way that she felt obligated to give in to the president's wishes of having a relationship. After the scandal broke the media then proceeded to shape the publics opinion of Ms. Lewinsky. It is very easy for our opinions to be swayed if we know nothing about the subject or individual. One place that is near impossible to hide from the public and media is the White House. Bill Clinton has been plagued by scandal since entering the White House in 1992. As the Lewinsky scandal began President Clinton was just recovering from the Whitewater scandal. Before Lewinsky, Clinton was accused of having a sexual relationship with Gennifer Flowers while he was the governor of Arkansas. Clinton denied these reports during his 1992 campaign. However, in a deposition a few years later the president admitted to having an affair with Flowers. Paula Jones who worked for him while he was governor also sued Clinton. Jones disputed that Clinton treated her unfairly after she refused to have a sexual relationship with him. Despite these repeated scandals Mr. Clinton has maintained a fairly supportive reaction from the mainstream media. I strongly feel that Clinton's lack of accountability is due to the fact that most of the scandals that he has been involved in pertain to sexual relatio nships with women. The male dominated media portrays this in a lighthearted way. On the other hand, the females involved in all of these scandals have been made out to be unjust sluts looking for a big payday. Contradictory to Clinton's past is that of Monica Lewinsky. Monica grew up in Beverly Hills California. Her father owned a chain of cancer treatment clinics. When researching the depictions that those close to Ms. Lewinsky have, a very different person is revealed. Monica is very, very energetic and very charismatic and has tremendous ideas and no matter what task you give her, she gets involved and goes to it, said her dad, Dr. Bernard Lewinsky. Richard Makoff, Lewinsky's former headmaster, said, I remember her being a nice kid and pretty normal young lady. The only extra-curricular activity she was involved in was chorus. Monica graduated from Lewis and Clark College in Portland, Oregon in May 1995. The following summer, Monica arrived at the White House as an intern (Aiken). The media has shown Monica Lewinsky in a totally different light than her father and

Mission by Thu essays

Mission by Thu essays The Mission recounts the true story of two men who risked their lives while trying to fight against the colonial forces of Spain and Portugal to save an Indian tribe from slavery during mid-18th century in South America. The Mission is a powerful movie with a powerful message about sin, redemption, and love. Starring Gabriel (Jeremy Irons) and Mendoza (Robert De Niro), this movie is not only about human rights and life threatening to the Indians but to those two men as well once they get involved. Despite their differences, the two men must unite to save the mission when Spain, Portugal, and the Catholic Church began to negotiate their boundaries in the area. Speaking of that, it will affect both the freedom of the natives and the well being of the Jesuit missionaries. These two men fought desperately for the Indians in very different ways for their freedom and to save them from slavery. Gabriel and Mendoza disagreed on how to fight and save those people because Gabriel believ ed in prayer and passive resistance while Mendoza chose to believe in armed rebellion. Jeremy Irons portrays Gabriel, a Jesuit priest who plays the role of a truly Christ-like figure who was sent to South America to Christianize the Indians to make their lives better. His mission was to salvage their humanity and protect them from the cruelties of the Spanish and Portuguese who wish to take over their land and their freedom. Father Gabriel is an ideal example of compassion, love, and understanding. He looked at each Indian through their soul for who they really were, not just their color or class. He believed his faith of God will help the natives from the battle and even if they loose that battle, their souls will be free from everything that they suffered of. He watched them dying after he was shot with sympathy during the attack on the Indians. Before the battle, he explained his will to Mendoza: If ...

Access and access to

Access and access to â€Å"Access† and â€Å"access to† â€Å"Access† and â€Å"access to† By Maeve Maddox The following excerpt is from an article on telephone fraud: The senior citizen, a man in his late 70s, is embarrassed and doesn’t want to talk about it. And, relatives are scrambling to make sure the crook doesn’t access to his bank account. When access is used as a verb, it does not require a â€Å"to† after it. access: verb. To gain access to (data, etc., held in a computer or computer-based system, or the system itself) access: noun. The state or faculty of being approached; accessibility. As a verb, access is transitive; it has a receiver. It should be followed by the noun or pronoun that is its direct object: Children can access the internet at school. In this way you can access the database. We want to make sure that the crook cannot access the old man’s bank account. When used as a noun, access is followed by a prepositional phrase beginning with â€Å"to.† The students have access to all the film databases. This ticket grants access to the flower show. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Idioms About NumbersYay, Hooray, Woo-hoo and Other AcclamationsAffect vs. Effect

Evolution of Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Evolution of Art - Essay Example The Early Renaissance, spanning the 15th century, marked an era of broad cultural achievement as a result of renewed interest in the Classical Greek and Roman ideas. The Renaissance revived ancient forms and content, and the spiritual content of paintings changed from devotional to classically humanized. Classical artists, like Donatello, Verrocchio and Botticelli, introduced principles like realistic expression, harmonious proportion, and rational postures in their work. High Renaissance, which marked the climax of Renaissance art, is considered a natural evolution of Humanism. Art reached its peak of technical competence, rich artistic imagination and heroic composition. Characteristically, Renaissance Classicism was a form of art that removed the extraneous detail and showed the world as it was. The titans of this era included Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael Sanzio. However, in Late Renaissance, a technique named Mannerism became widely prominent. The art of Mannerism , contrary to that of the High Renaissance, was full of clashing colours, disquieting figures with abnormally elongated limbs, and often torturous-looking emotions and bizarre themes. The Renaissance movement in Europe was soon followed by the Baroque period, which brought in a style that struck a perfect balance between the graphic and the pictori

Questionnaire for Bachelor Thesis with topic JSR170 and the Content Essay

Questionnaire for Bachelor Thesis with topic JSR170 and the Content Management Industry - Essay Example 17. Specifications are not available for the kind of applications that we use in our company. 4. Technology: Can Conventional Database Abstraction Layers (DBAL) and Web Services be used for solving the same issues 18. DBAL and web services are capable of solving all of the issues listed in section 2. 19. DBAL and Web services solves the relevant issues for us. 20. DBAL is tunable and can be used to realize additional controls that may be needed. 21. Our people are comfortable with DBAL / Web services 22. DBAL and web services are easier to adopt and use than the new standard processes 23. Many of the disadvantages of DBAL / web services are taken care of JSRs and JSRs are growing. Statements Very Un Important (1) Un Important (2) Neutral (3) Important (4) Very Important (5) 5. Technology: Is Data Access more comfortable with JDBC or other Data mining / warehousing software 24. Additional features on JDBC for connecting dissimilar databases. 25. Generic warehousing tools are good enough for our requirements. 6. General: Closing Remarks 26. JSR 170 is the future standard for all kinds of applications from Java stable. 27. JSR 170 is easy to adopt and use. 28. JSR 170 is compatible with most of the Enterprise Content Management Vendor products. 29. JSR 170 has advantages that are better than the other equivalent standards and products. 30. Adopting JSR 170 would improve our performance in the company. Signature of the person filling the form Thanks for your cooperation Question Selection and grouping. Categorization is done on the basis of the following: 1. Size of the company 2. Turnover of the company 3. Nature of business 4. Database employed on the website The...This would help in analyzing the advantages with respect to the size of the company, nature of business, database employed and also on the turnover. This would help in understanding whether the companies of similar traits think alike or differently; if so why Answers to be evaluated in line with the standard evaluation practices of assigning 1 for very unimportant and 5 for very important. Based on these numeric assignments of the choice, the other factors are also evaluated in line with the grouping and the related questions. Answers for specific groups could be averaged and viewed as a relevancy factor for the heading / group from the specific company type / size.

Social Security for Unorganised Sector Workers Essay Example for Free

Social Security for Unorganised Sector Workers Essay The National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector was set up by the UPA Government under the Chairmanship of Arjun Sengupta in September 2004. The Commission prepared two draft bills: (1) Unorganised Sector Workers Social Security Bill, 2005, and (2) Unorganised Sector Workers (conditions of work and livelihood promotion) Bill, 2005. According to the draft bill, it will cover all workers in the unorganised sector with a monthly income of Rs. 5,000 and below. This category includes self-employed workers (including marginal and small farmers), wage workers including agricultural labourers, and home-based workers. It also includes informal workers under the organised sector. It is estimated that around 30 crore workers are eligible under this scheme. The Bill indicates that there will be a national minimum social security for all eligible workers covering four things: (a) health insurance; (b) maternity benefits; (c) life insurance; and (d) old age pension. Every unorganised sector worker is eligible for registration. The registered worker will get a unique social security card. The existing welfare programmes will continue as before. A National Social Security Fund will be created. The scheme will be financed from the contributions at Re. 1 a day by workers, employers (wherever identified), and the Government (that is, Rs. 3 per worker a day or Rs. 1,095 a year). The Government contribution will be divided between Central Government and State Government in the ratio of 3:1 respectively (75 paise per worker by the Centre and 25 paise per worker by the State Governments). Similar to the Employment Guarantee Scheme, the National Commission estimated the costs of the minimum social security scheme. If all the 30 crore workers are covered, the contributions would work out to Rs. 32,850 crore. The share of the Central Government will be Rs. 17,548 crore and that of the State Governments Rs. 5,010 crore. This adds up to a total of Rs. 22,558 crore to be spent by Central and State Governments, equal to 0. 8 per cent of the Gross Domestic Product in 2004-05. If we include administrative and other expenses, the government contribution may not exceed one per cent of GDP. Similar to the national EGS, full coverage is expected to be reached in five years. If six crore workers are covered in the first year the cost will be Rs. 4,512 crore and Rs. 22,558 crore from the fifth year. The Government can contribute to the fund in the form of grants or through tax or cess. The second Bill, which deals with conditions of work and livelihood promotion, addresses the issues relating to providing a basic minimum standard on hours of work, payment of minimum wages, bonded labour, and child labour. The Bill also recognises some minimum entitlements of the workers such as the right to organise, non-discrimination in the payment of wages and conditions of work, safety at workplace, and absence of sexual harassment. The costs of providing health insurance, maternity benefits, life insurance, and old age pension for the 30 crore workers are not clear from the Bill. The Government contribution in the first year (Rs. 4,512 crore) is not large but in the fifth year it is closer to one per cent of GDP. As the draft says, tax or cess is one option for raising resources for the Government. The insistence on State Governments contributions may create problems for the scheme as their finances are in bad shape. the Bill seems to be following the targeting approach for identifying beneficiaries. For example, the Bill says that it would cover all workers in the unorganised sector with a monthly income of Rs. 5,000 and below. This may again lead to targeting errors and corruption. the implementation machinery still looks bureaucratic although decentralisation is mentioned. It is better to involve panchayati raj institutions more. Fourthly, legislation alone is not enough. For example, health insurance for all the workers will not help if there are no doctors and health infrastructure, particularly in rural areas. Hence, spending has to increase at the grassroots level for better delivery systems. Fifthly, the working of the present welfare boards for workers must be examined. Keralas experience shows that there are problems of sustainability, high costs, meagre benefits, etc. Lessons should be learnt from these experiences. Sixthly, the second Bill on conditions of workers is equally important. Some regulatory institutions are needed without ending up with inspector raj. Minimum wages have to be fixed keeping in view the increasing needs of the poor. The laws should be effectively implemented. Some estimates show that even if the number of days of employment are increased, the existing wages may not bring many workers above the poverty line. This is the main reason why we have so many working poor in the country. The poor are working but at low wages. The main issue is how to improve the wage rates for the unorganised workers. DOMESTIC WORKERS Live-in workers are often treated as 24-hour slaves. Many employers do not let them even step out of the house. Part-time domestic workers are in a slightly better position. They are not on duty 24 hours a day, have access to their own families and friends, and can quit work when employers become abusive. However, there is a growing demand for live-in workers who can double up as `ayahs or nurse-cum-companions for the elderly. To meet this demand, young girls and boys are often trafficked from the poorer districts of many States. From Bokaro district (Jharkhand) alone, three lakh girls have migrated or were trafficked, 40 per cent of whom were below 14. Their average annual earnings would be Rs. 200 crores, of which they take home only half; the other half goes to the agencies. A separate law is needed to control trafficking, besides regulating working conditions. Domestic workers are especially disadvantaged since they are not covered by laws such as the Industrial Disputes Act, the Equal Remuneration Act, or even the Minimum Wages Act. The Central government has been shying away from enacting any specific legislation for this group. A Domestic Workers (conditions of service) Bill was drafted as early as 1959 but was never enacted. The House Workers (conditions of service) Bill, 1989, was not enacted either. In 2003, the Human Rights Law Network filed a petition in the Supreme Court on behalf of the NDWM, pointing out that legislation to protect domestic workers had been stalled time and again. According to lawyer Vipin Mathew Benjamin, the government had told the court that domestic workers would be covered by the forthcoming Unorganised Sector Workers Bill, 2004. The Supreme Court passed an order saying that all suggestions and demands could be put before a tripartite committee to deliberate on the draft of the Bill. Consultations with all stakeholders were to be held at the Central and State levels. We dont have a problem if this bill is comprehensive, he said. According to Bhatnagar, who is also coordinating the National Campaign Committee for Unorganised Sector Workers, there are no fewer than five versions of the draft Bill. The one put up by the Union Labour Ministry has come in for heavy criticism. In a letter to the Prime Minister, Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer, former Judge of the Supreme Court, called it a `a half-baked law and said that rushing it through Parliament would be `a gross betrayal. Meanwhile, domestic workers are organising themselves. As a result, the Domestic Workers (Protection of Rights) Bill, 2003, has been tabled in the Maharashtra Assembly, while Karnataka has been persuaded to extend the Minimum Wages Act to domestic work. It is high time the government amended the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986, which is applicable only to 64 professions (13 occupations and 51 processes) that are deemed hazardous.

PIV Measurement of Fluid Flow Inside a Human Uterus Model for Cryoablation :: essays research papers

PIV MEASUREMENT OF FLUID FLOW INSIDE A HUMAN UTERUS MODEL FOR CRYOABLATION Xiaolong Luo1, Jim S.J. Chen1, Marla Wolfson2, Charles Philips2, Thomas Shaffer2 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University 2Temple University School of Medicine Abstract – A new technique has been proposed that allows cryoablation to be achieved on the entire inner surface of the endometrium by circulating very cold perfluorochemical (PFC) fluid inside the human uterus. To understand the PFC flow field inside the uterus during cryoablation, a uterus model was constructed; a fluid delivery system including the fluid delivery probe was designed and built to simulate the PFC flow during cryosurgery. With particle image velocimetry (PIV), the fluid flow inside the uterus was investigated at room temperature to display a 2-D whole field velocity contour and vector plot. Keywords: PIV, cryoablation, PFC, endometrium I. INTRODUCTION Menorrhagia is medically defined as excessive bleeding at menses, in duration or amount. A frequent cause of menorrhagia is uterine fibroid growth. Traditionally, hysterectomy is the main treatment for menorrhagia. Several cryosurgery methods such as localized cryoprobes [1] and balloon ablation [2] have been developed as alternatives to hysterectomy to treat the dysfunction of the endometrium. However, these are localized techniques and sometimes there is still proliferation of the endometrium. A new technique is proposed that allows cryoablation to be achieved on the entire inner surface of the endometrium using a PFC fluid [3]. The objective of this project is to develop an efficient treatment method for abnormal uterine bleeding by freezing the endometrium. It has been shown that a temperature of –30 C is required for destroy tissue necrosis [4]. The heat transfer process during cryoablation was investigated experimentally and numerically (1-D) with good agreement [5], in which a uniform fluid temperature boundary condition was used in the 1-D finite difference method to determine the temperature history in the human uteri of eight patients. This assumed that the fluid flow inside the uterus is uniform, repeatable and controllable. During the experiments it was found that the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of the insertion probe varied from 10Â ºC to 50Â ºC. Inconsistent fluid temperatures may be caused by inadequate circulation of PFC liquid, i.e., recirculation within the uterus. The goal of this study is to understand the flow field inside the uterus cavity during cryoablation so that the desired flow field and uniform temperature field can be obtained, thus proposing an optimal insertion probe design so that minimum PFC liquid and surgery time is used.

Analysis N.Sparks “True Believer”

Dariya Glazova, group 402 Nicholas Sparks  «True Believer » The text under stylistic analysis presents the excerpt from the novel  «True believer » written by Nicholas Sparks. In this passage the author touches upon the issue of generation gap. He contrasts the grandmother, Doris McClellan, with her grandchild, Lexie. It is known that the adults like to teach their children how they should live their life and Doris isn’t exception. From the very beginning the reader can guess that the granny and her granddaughter are polarities.The author employs the parallel construction  «For Doris, the reason was †¦ For Lexie, the reason was†¦Ã‚ » to enhance this idea. Also we can see that the relationship between these two women are very close because even Lexie is angry with her granny’s interference in her life she loves her with her whole heart. To show that the grandmother’s existence is full of taking care of her lovely treasure the author uses the fo llowing choice of word: she meant no harm, frequently wondered aloud, all of her hemming and hawing and such like things.Among the other problems of society Nicholas Sparks raises the question of crisis of women of thirty years in this extract. He draws the reader’s attention to the fact that at her thirties Lexie  «hadn’t settled yet » and she is still in the search of her knight in shining armour. This special kind of her happiness, on the other hand she wants to meet the right guy as every normal girl or woman, is described by the author in the only one masterfully collected word  «her man » and this idea is also strengthened by the graphical expressive mean- the italics of the possessive pronoun her.The powerful effect produced by these stylistic devices is quite unquestionable. But she wants not only to be with the right guy but she wants the only one man who possible never has existed in the real world because he is a figment of her imagination which is c reated by herself according to the glamorous magazines overstuffed her library. This idea manifests itself through such demands to her chosen one as  «both sensitive and kind, at the same time sweet her off her feet, offer to rub her feet after a long day, challenge her intellectually, buy her flowers for no reason ».Furthermore Sparks draws the parallel between the past and the present which are embodied by main characters. Here we can see that the writer depicts the moral principles of women of the past and the representatives of the gentle sex of modern world. With having a keen eye for details the author claims that in the past women married men who were  «decent, with some principles and had a good job » but modern daughters of Eve want to feel passion for somebody as well and it is not easy for them to get married and find someone special in the whole world.The author’s object in employing the antithesis is quite evident because he enhances the desired effect wi th the help of this stylistic device. To the conclusion I’d like to wish all the women to find their partner in life but don’t have allusion about your eligible bachelor because everybody architects of his own fortune and also I completely agree with Nicholas Sparks that the excitement alive in the relationship is mostly up to the woman. if I’m wrong, correct me.

Personality Analysis of Anthony Kiedis

Samantha Selody Professor Dana Nelson Theories of Personality 10 October 2012 Personality Analysis of Anthony Kiedis Anthony Kiedis was often considered a â€Å"trouble maker† from a young age. By the third grade, he had developed a real resentment toward the school administration and teachers because if anything went wrong, he would be routinely pulled out of class and considered to be the cause of the problem. Because Anthony did not have any good male role models early on in his life, he developed a problem with authority figures and had no one to rein in any antisocial behavior (Kiedis, 2004, p. 9). Anthony moved to Hollywood, California to live with his father in 1974 at the age of twelve. Anthony’s father, John Michael Kiedis (a. k. a. Blackie Dammett) promoted a highly indulgent-permissive style of parenting. McAdams (2009) describes this particular practice of parenting as having few high standards set for behavior but are highly responsive to children (p. 82). Although Anthony did do well in school and with his work, he was not expected to and was often distracted from his school work and left to fend for himself when it came to food and actually arriving at school.Anthony’s father did not provide a good social learning environment for him. His father allowed him to smoke marijuana and do other illicit drugs at the young age of 12 (Kiedis, 2004, p. 26). Anthony was also exposed to a variety of sexual encounters that most would find inappropriate for a 12 year old to experience. Anthony’s father often exposed him to the Hollywood night club scene where he was encouraged to drink and stay up extremely late with his father and other adults.From these experiences, Anthony learned from his social surroundings that drug use, partying, and alcohol were a social norm and something that was acceptable to do. This ultimately set him up for severe drug problems that occurred and lasted for a considerable amount of time during his adole scent and adult life. From a young age, it was clear that Anthony exhibited a high level of openness to experience. McAdams defines those who are high on openness to xperience as, â€Å"original, imaginative, creative, complex, curious, daring, independent, untraditional, liberal, and having broad interests (p. 185). This trait was most likely reinforced by his father who would also be high on this scale. One of Anthony’s favorite assignments in school was writing. His English teacher noticed that he had a gift for writing and encouraged him to continue to write. Anthony describes this as â€Å"a bell that wouldn’t stop ringing for the rest of his life† (Kiedis, 2004, p. 38). Anthony was also a big risk taker.He often devised schemes with his friends to obtain alcohol from homeless people. However, he eventually realized that he could just steal it himself, so he began to do just that. Anthony stole basically anything he wanted, whenever he wanted and was never caught or punished for it. This positive reinforcement fed in to his degree of openness to new experiences. Anthony was always seeking a thrill, and by observing his father, he recognized that he could get excitement by doing drugs, drinking, having sex and doing outrageous activities.It is important to note that all of these things occurred early in his life and throughout his adolescence. His actions were validated by his father and imitated by his friends who thought that he was having a great time. However, although he frequently abused drugs, Kiedis maintained his grades in school. Kiedis explains that, â€Å"I smoked a ton of pot, took pills, and drank on the weekends. But it never got out of control†¦It was important to me to be the straight-A student.In a way, I was a rebel by getting good grades, because most of the stoners and the druggies were getting no grades. I didn’t want to be like them†¦I wanted to be the best at whatever it was that was in front of me† (p. 78). This attitude was a driving factor is Anthony’s life. He wanted to be the best at whatever he did, whether it was school, performing, drinking, or doing drugs. This attitude also fed in to his level of openness because not only was he willing to try new things, he wanted to be the best at whatever he tried, which propelled him to even more experiences.

Pros and Cons of Using Lectures as a Teaching Method

Pros and Cons of Using Lectures as a Teaching Method Lecturing is a time-tested instructional method where an instructor who possesses the knowledge on a given topic delivers all relevant information to students verbally. This model dates back to Medieval Ages representing an  oral tradition  in contrast to providing information in print or other media. In fact, the word lecture came into use during the  14th century as a verb, to read or deliver formal discourses. The person presenting the lecture was called a reader because information  in a book was read to students who would then copy the information all down. During a typical lecture, an instructor stands before a class and presents information for the students to learn, but this method of teaching tends to get a bad reputation today. Thanks to the infusion of technology, instructors have the ability to provide a multi-media learning experience, by working to incorporate sound, visuals, activities, and even games into a classroom learning experience, and even provide opportunities for flipped classroom formats.   So, does that mean that lectures no longer have a place in todays teaching landscape? There are a number of factors that can make a lecture successful or unsuccessful. These factors can include the acoustics in the room, the dynamic quality of the lecturer and his ability to hold an audiences attention, the length of lecture, topic and amount of information intended to be shared.   Lecture Pros Lectures are a straightforward way to provide information knowledge to students quickly. In a lecture, instructors have greater control over what is being taught in the classroom because they are the sole source of information. Students who are auditory learners may find that lectures appeal to their learning style. Most college courses are lecture-based, and as a result, many high school teachers imitate this style to prepare their students for the college lecture. Far from being a Medieval way to deliver information, the modern lecture can be very engaging. Many educational institutions now offer faculty recorded lectures for students. Massive Open Online Courses have video lectures available on every subject. There are a number of schools that record teachers in lectures or that use pre-recorded lectures to support flipped classrooms or for remediating students who may have missed materials.  Khan Academy  videos are examples of short lectures on topics students need to review. There are also popular lecture series that have been recorded for general viewing and then used in classrooms. One of the most popular lecture series on  culture  is offered through the non-profit organization  TED Talks  with their series for schools, TED-Ed. The TED Conferences that host  these talks began in 1984 as a means to spread ideas in Technology, Entertainment, and Design. This style of short lectures delivered by dynamic speakers became popular, and there are now hundreds of recorded lectures or talks on the TED website in over 110 languages.   Lecture Cons Students are expected to take notes while listening to a lecture. During a lecture, there is no discussion. The only exchange that may occur between the instructor and students might be a few scattered questions from listeners. Therefore, students who are not auditory learners or have other learning styles  may not be as engaged by lectures. Such students may have a harder time absorbing the material. Students who are weak in note-taking skills may have trouble summarizing or in identifying the main points they should remember from lectures. Some students may find lectures boring; the  length can cause them to lose interest. Because the instructor does all the talking, students may not feel that they are able to ask questions as they arise during lectures. Lectures do not meet the criteria in many teacher evaluation programs, such as in the Marzano or Danielson models. In those evaluation domains that rate classroom instruction, lectures are categorized as teacher-centered. They do not provide the opportunities for students to formulate many questions, initiate topics, or challenge one another’s thinking. There is no evidence of student inquiry or student contributions. During a lecture, there is no grouping for differentiation. The most important reason to reconsider the use of the lecture is that the instructor does not have the immediate opportunity to assess how much students are understanding. There is little to no opportunity for exchanges. Other Considerations Effective lectures need to be well organized and cover only what students can absorb during a given class period. Selectivity and organization are keys to effective lectures. Lectures are also only one tool in a teachers instructional arsenal. As with all the other tools, lectures should only be used when most appropriate. Instruction should be varied from day to day to help reach the greatest number of students. Teachers should help students beef up their  note-taking skills  before they start presenting lectures. Instructors should also help students understand verbal clues and learn methods of organizing and  taking notes. Some schools suggest providing a handout listing key points of the days lecture to help students focus on the major concepts to be covered. Preparatory work should be  conducted before a lecture even begins. These  steps are key to helping students be successful and fully understand the subject and content the teacher hopes to convey. A lecture may be necessary to improve student understanding, but a steady stream of lectures does not allow for an instructor to differentiate for a students needs or assess a students understanding. On balance, lectures should be implemented less often than other instructional strategies.

Famous Office Space Quotes

Famous Office Space Quotes If you are looking for funny quotations about work or quotes from the movie Office Space, here is a page you will enjoy. These quotes are about working in an office. And they are hilarious! Peter Gibbons: What if were still doin this when were 50?Samir: It would be nice to have that kind of job security.Bob Slydell: What would you say ya do here?Tom Smykowski: Well look, I already told you! I deal with the goddamn customers so the engineers dont have to! I have people skills! I am good at dealing with people! Cant you understand that? What the hell is wrong with you people?Peter Gibbons: Our high school guidance counselor used to ask us what youd do if you had a million dollars and you didnt have to work. And invariably what youd say was supposed to be your career. So, if you wanted to fix old cars youre supposed to be an auto mechanic. Samir: So what did you say?Peter Gibbons: I never had an answer. I guess thats why Im working at Initech.Peter Gibbons: Hes going to ask me to work on Sunday and Im going to do it because Im a pussy, which is why I work at Initech in the first place.Michael Bolton: Hey, I work at Initech and I dont consider myself a pussy.Samir: Yes, I a m also not a pussy. Samir: No one in this country can ever pronounce my name right. Its not that hard: Na-ee-ana-jaad. Nayanajaad.Michael Bolton: Yeah, well at least your name isnt Michael Bolton.Samir: You know theres nothing wrong with that name.Michael Bolton: There was nothing wrong with it... until that no-talent ass clown became famous and started winning Grammys.Samir: Hmm... well why dont you just go by Mike instead of Michael?Michael Bolton: No way! Why should I change? Hes the one who sucks.

The Telephone Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Telephone Technology - Essay Example Subscribers who wanted to communicate with more than one point had to obtain and set up as many pairs of telephones as the number of communicating points. Telephone technology was restricted to domestic lines. It was Western Union which first used telephone exchanges to interconnect individual subscribers in 1878. Alexander Graham Bell’s Bell Telephone Company was quick to incorporate the concept of telephone exchanges. Though the Bell Telephone Company was supposed to have monopolized the telephone business for more than 15 years since its invention, there were nevertheless as many as 1,730 telephone companies operating during the period. In the initial days, the most serious contender tot Bell’s monopoly was Western Union which had bought patents from others who had designed variations of Bell’s original principle of telephone, and had created the American Telephone Company as early as in December 1877. Had Bell not own the patent infringement case against Western Union in the Supreme Court of America in 1879, Western Union, with its large telegraph network already in place, was poised to overtake the Bell Telephone Company within a very short period of time. The American Telephone and Telegraph Company was set up in 1885 to provide long-distance service to American Bell Company subscribers. The Bell Telephone Company had been expanded and rechristened the American Bell Company in the meantime. The first automatic commercial exchange began operating in 1892. By the turn of the century, independent telephone companies were fast overtaking the American Bell Company. In 1889 the first public coin telephone had been set up in Hartford, Connecticut. These were attended payphones with the payment collected by someone standing at hand. The invention of the electron tube in 1906 by Lee De Forest made amplification possible and led the way to national phone service. The subsequent development

Should sick people pay more for health insurance Annotated Bibliography

Should sick people pay more for health insurance - Annotated Bibliography Example Gottlieb, Scott. How Much Does Obamacare Rip Off Young Adults? We Ran The Numbers. Here Are The  Results. Forbes. 28Th March 2014. Web. 9Th April 2014. Gottleb’s article in this study will act as a proof in showing how expensive insurances have turned out to be especially for the young beneficiaries. Therefore, its content will aid in backing varied statistics, which in intend to state in this argument contending the health insurances are too pricey whereby the state through its varied authorities ought to regulate. Since, not all Americans despite being legal or illegal citizens are capable of affording their current ratings. However, this source compared to others will not be among the main ones but as a backing reference meant to show how pricey health insurances have turned out to be. This is despite those involved in dispatching of health insurances including the government knowing sickness is not a permanent condition. I will also use this source in showing how the government has failed in regulating the cost of health in comparison to other states like that of Germany as depicted by Khazan’s article. From this recent article highlighting how a man was diagnosed with a testicular mass likely a cancer. Thus, he did not get proper care because he did not have a health insurance. I intend to use it in backing the argument on health insurance cover. This is to show how costly it has become in comparison to other states globally. This implies the US should intervene to regulate the price to be affordable to all civilians. This content discusses how one might be at high risk of death if he or she does not have a health insurance cover. I will use this content to cite how

Week4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week4 - Assignment Example Proper waste disposal management and poor sanitation due to congestion is another problem that the American residents of the 19th century faced, this posed a health risk, as the dirty conditions would be a breeding ground for diseases related to sanitation such as typhoid. With the upsurge in population, some of the essential services had to be provided by the government to mitigate the negative effects of the congestion. Some of these services include waste management systems to ensure the cities where people lived were clean and habitable for living. Another service the government provided was security services since with congestion crime also increased therefore the need to protect the people from criminals, health care is also an essential service that the government provided to the population (Boyer 34). Assuming the government did not provide the above services, the people would probably have formed vigilante groups to counter the problems of insecurity within the neighbourhoods. Waste management may have been solved by hiring of private garbage collectors or throwing waste into empty spaces within the areas that people lived in. Private medical services providers would have come in cases where the government failed to provide the medical facilities although these services would have been expensive. Among the above problems, the hardest challenge to solve would have been provision of health care since it required professionally trained personnel and specialised equipments in treating different diseases. The high cost of the treatment when provided by private health professionals would have locked many people away from these facilities. Insecurity would also have been a major concern since with formation of vigilante groups to provide security to the residents, retaliatory attacks between the criminal gangs and the vigilante groups would become

Risky play in early years setting

Risky play in early years setting Introduction: There is an ongoing debate whether to prioritise the safety of children or the benefits of risky play in early years setting. More particularly, the contention is on the issue of making certain children are safe against allowing them to play in emotionally and physically motivating and challenging contexts. The emphasis is currently on the right of children to participate in risky play. Thus far, there are no investigations classifying risky play. This study will attempt to accomplish this. In the present study, risky play is defined as stimulating or thrilling varieties of play that involve a possibility of physical harm. Children usually want to and participate in risky or challenging varieties of play although, and to a certain extent, it involves the risk of getting injured or hurt. Because of the safety concerns of the Western culture, the issue of risky play in early years and the degree such play should be monitored and regulated are crucial and continuous debates (Greenfield 2003). These debates on play safety have generated safety proceedings and legislation from concerned child care workers and parents. This has invoked further disputes on the balance between the benefits of risky play for child development on one hand, and safety proceedings and litigations on the other hand (New, Mardell Robinson 2005). Normally, play occurs under the supervision of adults, hence controlling what children are permitted to do and where they are permitted to go (Gill 2007). For this reason, adults are influencing the safety of children when playing, and, simultaneously, they embody the greatest limitation on the childs capability of experiencing challenges and risks that are eventually favourable for development (Gill 2007). A persistent argument in the literature is the children gain developmentally from taking risk, and that too much protection from risk can hamper development. Historical and Current Context of the Debate In a continuously evolving world, environmental and social aspects have significantly affected childrens opportunities for emotionally and physically challenging play. Where previously youngsters may have played in the street, playing ball games, riding bicycles or playing other outdoor activities, increased road hazards has made the streets and play opportunities restricted to children as the risk or perils are extremely high. Children nowadays are confined to their houses or designated areas for relatively secured places to play. Still even these are transforming (Ball 2002). With increasing populations, the enlarged need for housing in several areas, specifically urban areas, is weakening the play spaces of children. High-density housing is increasingly becoming widespread and housing units are becoming smaller (Rivkin 1995). Coupled with diminished opportunities for parents to allocate time for the supervision and participation in their childrens play due to expanded work obligat ions, this condition has led to greatly decreased opportunities for childrens participation in risky play (Rivkin 1995). In addition to this, diminished risky play experiences have been ascribed to the fears of parents for the safety of their children. A UK survey discovered that, although 91 percent of the grown-ups asked understood the benefit of risky play, 60 percent said they were worried about their childrens safety when playing in unsafe places (Valentine McKendrick 1997). Consequently, parents place higher constraints on their childrens independent plays. Their worries have aided the development of overprotective or domineering parenting, by which the world is viewed as a naturally unsafe place from which children have to be protected (New et al. 2005). This concern for safety is present on several levels, involving concerns linked to safety stemming from stranger danger (p. 49) and increased street hazards, as well as those linked to harm inflicted by the use of play equipment, such as skateboards, roller blades, etc., and playground. In contrast, Ball (2002) emphasises that, because the advantages of risky play are not simply determined using recognised western scientific processes, they have a tendency not to be properly regarded in discussions about risk and play. He argues: If the purpose of an activity is not directly considered, then a balance between risk and benefit cannot be struck and one is in danger of considering only one side of the equation (p. 51). It is claimed risk taking can have favourable effects in terms of childrens emotional, social and developmental needs, as well as their general well-being (Ball 2002). Advocates of risky play tend to argue that removing risks deny children the opportunity to evaluate them competently, and hence they are unprepared to cope with any circumstances they may experience in later life (Childrens Play Council 2004). It is argued that, by giving chances to children to deal with their own risks in a regulated environment, they will become skilled at important life capabilities required for adulthood, and acquire the experience required to confront the changeable nature of the world (Childrens Play Council 2004). Gill (2007) claims that depriving children this opportunity may generate a society of risk-disinclined population, or citizens incapable of dealing with daily situations, or in children easily locating more hazardous areas to perform their risk-taking behaviour; risk-taking is regarded to have additional advantages, which contribute to the cultivation of favourable personality attributes, such as creativity (Ball 2002). Through exposure to cautiously supervised risks children become skilled at sound judgment in evaluating risks themselves, thus developing self-esteem, resilience, and confidence, attributes that are crucial for their later independence (Ball 2002). Moreover, a developing culture of litigation has led to the elimination of playground paraphernalia from numerous public places and a growing anxiety amongst educators and child care workers that they will be held responsible for any harm sustained by a child while in their supervision (Childrens Play Council 2004). Moreover, children who adopt and use more minor techniques to play may be open to the more threatening possibilities of chronic illness linked to diminished levels of activity. Experimental data with children in preschools (Smith Hagan 1980) and early school years (Pellegrini Davis 1993) shows that participants who have been denied of physical play for a given period of time will, when provided with the opportunity, participate in physical activities that are much more challenging and persistent. This effect of deprivation was discovered to be more intense for boys than for girls and indicates that risk reduction techniques that limit physical activities are prone to have a direct effect on the plays quality (Mitchell et al. 2006). Hence, the benefit of risk-taking in facilitating childrens development and learning in the context of risky play will be explored in the present study. Current Debate Providing opportunities of risk-taking for children in physical play does not imply that safety is taken for granted. Instead it implies that parents and educators have to be highly aware of the dangers and carry out all the essential steps to make sure that the environment is safe, and to have sufficient number of staffs to supervise risky play (Mitchell et al. 2006). Even within the field of playground safety and harm prevention there is recognition of the benefit of risk-taking during play. As argued by Mitchell and colleagues (2006), children should have opportunities to explore and experiment in an environment that provides a degree of managed risk (p. 122), because eventually, regardless how secure the play environment is, it will fall short in meeting its goal if it is not thrilling and appealing for children. Inopportunely, the concept risk-taking is generally understood with negative implications, with danger and risk usually viewed as synonymous (New et al. 2005). However, Greenfield (2003) thinks a differentiation should be made between these two concepts; risk links to the childs doubt about being capable of attaining the desired result, involving a decision whether to take risk or not, whilst danger is something the child does not perceive. Grown-ups can mostly perceive the dangers and try to get rid of them. The way is in that case certain for children to confront the challenge and take the risk should they decide to do so (Greenfield 2003). This also requires giving sufficient assistance and supervision and being conscious of those features of the childs activities that may contribute to severe injury, particularly as an outcome of improper use of playground tools (Ball 2002). The concept of finding the symmetry is integral if children are to have the chance to encounter some risk in their lives. This symmetry can be realised when adults respond perceptively to individual behaviour patterns (Gill 2007); to recognise and develop childrens capability of evaluating and managing risk, as well as their need for stimulation and challenge in their play. Conclusions Risk is a crucial deliberation within the play field, but it remains a comparatively under-studied field. The studies that have been conducted appears to assume that play is both pleasurable and favourable to children, and there is a number of substantiation that children have a higher understanding of and capability of handling risk than they are credited for. It also proposes that chances for children to evaluate and encounter risk in play are constrained because of several attitudes and structural limitations. Several authors call this a risk-averse society due to the carefulness of risk evaluation in childrens play opportunity, and the prevailing judgment adults adopt towards risky play. There is substantiation to indicate that several of the measures that have been adopted to build safer play for children are not needed or efficient. Scholars appeal for acknowledgement of the potential impacts that thorough safety norms have for children, and propose using a new strategy of risk evaluation. References Ball, D. (2002) Playgrounds: Risks, benefits and choices, Middlesex University: HSE Books. Childrens Play Council. (2004) Childrens Play Council Policy Positions: Risk and challenge in childrens play, http://www.ncb.org.uk/dotpdf/open%20access%20-%20phase%20only/policyrisk_cpc_2004.pdf. G. Valentine J. McKendrick. (1997) Childrens outdoor play: Exploring parental concerns about childrens safety and the changing nature of childhood, Geoforum , 219-235. Gill, T. (2007) No Fear: Growing up in a risk averse society, London: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation. Greenfield, C. (2003) Outdoor play: The case for risks and challenges in childrens learning and development, Safekids News , 5. Mitchell, R., Cavanagh, M. Eager, D. (2006) Not all risk is bad, playgrounds as a learning environment for children, International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion , 122-124. New, R.S., Mardell, B. Robinson, D. (2005) Early childhood education as risky business: Going beyond whats safe to discovering whats possible, Early Childhood Research and Practice , 7. Pellegrini, A.D. Davis, P. (1993) Relations between childrens playgroundand classroom behaviour, British Journal , 86-95. Rivkin, M. (1995) The great outdoors: Restoring childrens right to play outside, Washington, D.C.: National Association for the Education of Young Children.

Risk Management and Prevention at a Medical Facility Essay -- Medical

Risk Management Risk management is defined as a program directed toward identifying of, evaluating of, and taking corrective action against potential risks that could lead to injury of patients, staff, or visitors. It is a planned program of loss prevention and liability control, and its main purpose is to identify, analyze, and evaluate risks and then to develop a plan for reducing the frequency and severity of accidents and injuries (Decker and Sullivan, 2001). Risk management is a continuous daily program of detection, education, and intervention. This paper will describe the risk management issues at Great River Medical Center as they pertain to medication errors, and will describe the methods that are currently taking place to address this issue. Identifying Potential Risk Identifying potential risks for accident, injury, or financial loss requires formal and informal communication that involves all organizational departments in the facility. The risk management department at Great River Medical Center conducted on study on medication errors in the facility during preparation for a JACHO inspection. During this study, they discovered that medication errors had increased steadily over a 2 year period, and that many of them were because of illegibility reasons. The two most common legibility reasons included reading the initial order and reading the medication on the hand written medication sheet. According to Michael R. Cohen, MS, FASHP, from the Institute for Safe Medication Practices, poor handwriting is the leading cause of medication errors. Poor handwriting can blur the distinction between two medications that have similar names. And, many drug names sound similar, especially when spoken over the telephone, enunciated poorly, or mispronounced. At Great River Medical Center, this was also found to be one of the leading causes of medication errors. The inability of the nurse to read the written order and the inability to read the written medication sheet accounted for 20 % of the medication errors at GRMC. Other reasons for medication errors at GRMC include the following: ï‚ § Incomplete patient information (not knowing about patients' allergies other medicines they are taking, previous diagnoses, and lab results, for example); ï‚ § Unavailable drug information (such as lack of up-to-date warnings); ï‚ § Miscommunication of drug orders,... ...ch new implementation process. With the use of the Omni Cell dispensers, computerized order entry, and the electronic medical record, the hospital has seen a reduction of errors and near misses at approximately 75%. Along with this great statistic, also comes peace of mind to an already stressed out and over worked staff, that wants to provide the best care possible for the patients. References: Anonymous, (2004). Nursing BC. Vol.36, Iss.5; pg.33, Vancover. Retrieved December 18, 2004 from www.proquest.com. Business Wire, (2004). Hospitalist Physicians Partner with Clinical Pharmacists to Improve Patient Outcomes, Reduce Medication Errors. Business Wire, pg. 1, New York. Retrieved December 19, 2004 from www.proquest.com. Davis, J.L. and Smith, M. (2002). Medication Errors Rampant in Hospitals. WebMD Medical News. Retrieved on December 20, 2004 from www.mywebmd.com. Institute for Safe Medication Practices, (2004). Measuring Medication Safety, retrieved on December 19,2004 from www.ismp.org. Stein, R. (2004). Automated Systems For Drugs Examined; Report: Computers Can Add to Errors. The Washington Post, pg. A03. Retrieved December 20, 2004 from www.proquest.com. Risk Management and Prevention at a Medical Facility Essay -- Medical Risk Management Risk management is defined as a program directed toward identifying of, evaluating of, and taking corrective action against potential risks that could lead to injury of patients, staff, or visitors. It is a planned program of loss prevention and liability control, and its main purpose is to identify, analyze, and evaluate risks and then to develop a plan for reducing the frequency and severity of accidents and injuries (Decker and Sullivan, 2001). Risk management is a continuous daily program of detection, education, and intervention. This paper will describe the risk management issues at Great River Medical Center as they pertain to medication errors, and will describe the methods that are currently taking place to address this issue. Identifying Potential Risk Identifying potential risks for accident, injury, or financial loss requires formal and informal communication that involves all organizational departments in the facility. The risk management department at Great River Medical Center conducted on study on medication errors in the facility during preparation for a JACHO inspection. During this study, they discovered that medication errors had increased steadily over a 2 year period, and that many of them were because of illegibility reasons. The two most common legibility reasons included reading the initial order and reading the medication on the hand written medication sheet. According to Michael R. Cohen, MS, FASHP, from the Institute for Safe Medication Practices, poor handwriting is the leading cause of medication errors. Poor handwriting can blur the distinction between two medications that have similar names. And, many drug names sound similar, especially when spoken over the telephone, enunciated poorly, or mispronounced. At Great River Medical Center, this was also found to be one of the leading causes of medication errors. The inability of the nurse to read the written order and the inability to read the written medication sheet accounted for 20 % of the medication errors at GRMC. Other reasons for medication errors at GRMC include the following: ï‚ § Incomplete patient information (not knowing about patients' allergies other medicines they are taking, previous diagnoses, and lab results, for example); ï‚ § Unavailable drug information (such as lack of up-to-date warnings); ï‚ § Miscommunication of drug orders,... ...ch new implementation process. With the use of the Omni Cell dispensers, computerized order entry, and the electronic medical record, the hospital has seen a reduction of errors and near misses at approximately 75%. Along with this great statistic, also comes peace of mind to an already stressed out and over worked staff, that wants to provide the best care possible for the patients. References: Anonymous, (2004). Nursing BC. Vol.36, Iss.5; pg.33, Vancover. Retrieved December 18, 2004 from www.proquest.com. Business Wire, (2004). Hospitalist Physicians Partner with Clinical Pharmacists to Improve Patient Outcomes, Reduce Medication Errors. Business Wire, pg. 1, New York. Retrieved December 19, 2004 from www.proquest.com. Davis, J.L. and Smith, M. (2002). Medication Errors Rampant in Hospitals. WebMD Medical News. Retrieved on December 20, 2004 from www.mywebmd.com. Institute for Safe Medication Practices, (2004). Measuring Medication Safety, retrieved on December 19,2004 from www.ismp.org. Stein, R. (2004). Automated Systems For Drugs Examined; Report: Computers Can Add to Errors. The Washington Post, pg. A03. Retrieved December 20, 2004 from www.proquest.com.

Mr. Shamal Fernando

I am dealing with Cardiovascular, Anti diabetic and general product range. There are 7 Sirs and 3 sales representatives under my supervision, and the product range is highly expensive. I am responsible of the growth and the monthly sales of the above range including the strategic implementation for products. Also I am responsible for the training, Development and whole island Sales. In Sir Lankan I report to the Managing Director and the Principles. I have 7+ years of Marketing and Sales experience in Pharmaceutical, Insurance and Consumer products both in SSL and Philippines. Also I was worked as an Educational counselor at Speech power in Philippines.At the moment I'm giving teaching sessions to the orphaned children. I do Serviced Customers', enthusiastically and deliberately to provide Excellent customer satisfaction. Objective To be a productive & innovative marketing oriented person in the Pharmaceutical ,fast moving & challenging business environment and to acquire and enhance my knowledge and be able to effectively practice these in the pursuance of my career. I pursue to become a Professional customer service individual along with good Salesmanship and Management and to be the most highlighted individual in my career. Person My Sales, Marketing and Customer oriented services counts more than 7 years.I have a good understanding of customer needs and their mentality on purchasing goods. I am very much capable of handling Sales & Marketing staff to get the best out of them. I have been awarded the hard & diligent working employee' in one of my former companies. I have tirelessly worked in any company I worked with honesty. I as an individual always try to delight people whom I associate with . This has made me a preferred employee by my superiors where-ever I have worked. I have a very good command of English. Educational Qualifications I passed the G. C. E OIL Examination in December 1997 with one distinction pass and seven credit passes.

Consumer Buying Behavior of Cosmetics

Introduction: Consumer buying behavior is the study of how individuals make decision to spend the available resources – time, money and effort on consumption related items i. e. , what they buy, why they buy, when they buy, where they buy, how often they buy and use a product or services. In the process of consumers’ buying behavior focuses on how commercial and social marketing can anticipate and within the marketing pillar, the knowledge generated in the consumer behavior pillar provides information for firms to develop new marketing strategies. Cosmetic’ relates to the treatment intended to improve person appearance outwardly. Different consumers have got different perception towards buying cosmetic. With the changing times and the consumer demands organization should be more customer oriented. Consumer buying behavior with regard to cosmetic in comparison of Modicare and Oriflame, leading brands of cosmetic for both genders of all ages.Modicare an India brand deals not only with cosmetics but also with home care, nutrition health and wellness, personal care, laundry care, food and beverage, agriculture and auto care. Oriflame on the other hand is a Sweden brand dealing mostly with cosmetics. A comparison study on these two brands on their cosmetic as how consumer get attracted to buy them, how consumer s satisfied with the products and what make the consumer to buy the products.Marketers must study the customer taste, preferences, wants, shopping and buying behavior because such study provides the clues for developing the new products, price, product changes, messages and other marketing mix element which help in the growth of organization. Thus studying the consumer behavior is a very complex process, as it involves not only the economic factors but also the emotional factors. Objectives of the study * To study the purpose of purchasing cosmetic * To study consumer decision on choosing brand * To study the benefits of cosmetics To stud y the advantage and disadvantage of cosmetic. Description of the problem The problem is to identify whether cosmetics have really work as being advertised and various cosmetic meant for different problem has brought solution or not. Justification for the proposed study The reason for taking up the study is to know the effects of cosmetics which make the consumer get attracted to it. Database The target population for this research would be adult with age of 17-30 and the data will be collected through both primary as well as secondary source.